Original articleDefining Real Change in Measures of Stereoacuity
Section snippets
Subjects and Methods
Institutional Review Board approval was obtained for this study. All experiments and data collection were conducted in a manner compliant with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act.
Results
The 95% limits of agreement are summarized in Table 1 and represented on the Bland–Altman plots in Figure 1(A–D). The Bland–Altman plots suggest that, for each stereoacuity test, magnitude of the test–retest differences did not seem to be dependent on the level of stereoacuity (Fig 1A–D). When converting the log values of the 95% limits of agreement back to octave steps (doublings) of stereoacuity, the half width of the 95% limit of agreement for the preschool Randot was 1.95 octaves; for the
Discussion
In our study of test–retest variability over time using 4 current stereoacuity tests, patients with stable strabismus and stable visual acuity showed marked variability of stereoacuity thresholds. We found that for most tests a change of ≥2 octaves (doublings) is needed for change to exceed test–retest variability. Changes that exceed test–retest variability are likely to represent real changes.
Stereoacuity thresholds are often used in clinical practice as a guide to management. If stereoacuity
References (18)
- et al.
Distance stereoacuity: assessing control in intermittent exotropia
Ophthalmology
(1993) - et al.
Interobserver test-retest reliability of the Randot preschool stereoacuity test
J AAPOS
(2000) - et al.
Defining real change in prism-cover test measurements
Am J Ophthalmol
(2008) - et al.
Testing distance stereoacuity with the Frisby-Davis 2 (FD2) test
Am J Ophthalmol
(2005) - et al.
Assessment of a new distance Randot stereoacuity test
J AAPOS
(2006) - et al.
Stereoscopic perception and Snellen visual acuity
Am J Ophthalmol
(1974) - et al.
Validity of the Titmus and Randot circles tasks in children with known binocular vision disorders
J AAPOS
(2003) - et al.
Progression of intermittent, small-angle, and variable esotropia in infancy
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
(2007) - et al.
Distance stereo acuity improvement in intermittent exotropic patients following strabismus surgery
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
(1995)
Cited by (109)
Outcomes after medial rectus recession and lateral rectus plication for abducens nerve palsy: A retrospective study
2021, Journal Francais d'OphtalmologiePredictive factors for the perceptual learning in stereodeficient subjects
2021, Journal of OptometryPickwell’s Binocular Vision Anomalies
2021, Pickwell's Binocular Vision Anomalies
Manuscript no. 2008-626.
Financial Disclosure(s): The authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.
Supported by National Institutes of Health Grants EY015799 (JMH); Research to Prevent Blindness, Inc., New York, NY (JMH as Olga Keith Weiss Scholar and an unrestricted grant to the Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic), and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota.