Differences in clinical characteristics between subjects with intermediate AMD and controls
| Intermediate AMD | Controls | OR (95% CI) | P value* | |
| (n=109) | (n=65) | |||
| Female gender | 74 (68%) | 42 (65%) | 1.2 (0.6 to 2.2) | 0.66 |
| Family history of AMD | ||||
| None | 54 (50%) | 50 (77%) | 1 | |
| Yes | 36 (33%) | 12 (18%) | 2.8 (1.3 to 6.1) | |
| Uncertain | 19 (17%) | 3 (5%) | 5.9 (1.9 to 26) | <0.01 |
| Age, mean (SD) | 77 (6.9) | 75 (3.9) | 1.1 (1.0 to 1.1) | 0.03 |
| Body mass index, n | 104 | 63 | ||
| Mean (SD) | 26.3 (4.9) | 27.0 (5.5) | 1.0 (0.9 to 1.0) | 0.45 |
| Smoking | ||||
| Never | 53 (48%) | 35 (54%) | 1 | |
| Current | 2 (1.8%) | 0 (0%) | – | |
| Former | 54 (50%) | 30 (46%) | 1.2 (0.6 to 2.2) | 0.59† |
| History of | ||||
| Type 2 diabetes | 15 (14%) | 7 (11%) | 1.3 (0.5 to 3.6) | 0.57 |
| Treated hypertension | 65 (60%) | 40 (62%) | 0.9 (0.5 to 1.7) | 0.8 |
| Kidney disease | 15 (14%) | 8 (12%) | 1.1 (0.5 to 3.0) | 0.78 |
| Stroke | 6 (6%) | 1 (2%) | – | 0.26† |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 14 (13%) | 15 (23%) | 0.5 (0.2 to 1.1) | 0.08 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 7 (6%) | 7 (11%) | 0.6 (0.2 to 1.7) | 0.31 |
| Cardiac disease | 44 (40%) | 23 (35%) | 1.2 (0.7 to 2.4) | 0.51 |
*P values obtained from χ2 for categorical variables and t-test for continuous variables unless noted otherwise.
†P values obtained from Fisher’s exact test.
AMD, age-related macular degeneration.