Prevalence of DR in diabetics and in entire sample
| Retinopathy grade | n | Among diabetics | Full sample |
| P value (95% CI) | P value (95% CI) | ||
| No retinopathy (R0) | 379 | 53.7% (49.4 to 58.0) | 11.8% (10.4 to 13.2) |
| Background DR—mild (R1) | 50 | 7.1% (5.2 to 8.9) | 1.6% (1.1 to 2.0) |
| Background DR—observable (R2) | 11 | 1.6% (0.7 to 2.4) | 0.3% (0.2 to 0.5) |
| Background DR—referable (R3) | 13 | 1.8% (0.6 to 3.0) | 0.4% (0.1 to 0.7) |
| Proliferative DR (R4) | 14 | 2.0% (1.1 to 2.9) | 0.4% (0.2 to 0.6) |
| Ungradable DR (R6) | 4 | 0.6% (0.0 to 1.1) | 0.1% (0.0 to 0.2) |
| Any retinopathy | 92 | 13.0% (10.7 to 15.4) | 2.9% (2.3 to 3.4) |
| Maculopathy grade | |||
| No maculopathy (M0) | 408 | 57.8% (53.5 to 62.1) | 12.7% (11.2 to 14.1) |
| Maculopathy—observable (M1) | 35 | 5.0% (3.5 to 6.4) | 1.1% (0.8 to 1.4) |
| Maculopathy—referable (M2) | 17 | 2.4% (1.4 to 3.5) | 0.5% (0.3 to 0.8) |
| Any maculopathy | 63 | 8.9% (6.9 to 11.0) | 2.0% (1.5 to 2.4) |
| Any retinopathy/maculopathy | 101 | 14.3% (11.7 to 16.9) | 3.1% (2.5 to 3.7) |
| Sight-threatening DR (R4 and/or M2) | 22 | 3.1% (1.9 to 4.3) | 0.7% (0.4 to 0.9) |
| Any laser scars | 19 | 2.7% (1.5 to 3.8) | 0.6% (0.3 to 0.8) |
DR, diabetic retinopathy.