Stimulators and inhibitors involved in ocular neovascularisation
| Stimulators | Inhibitors |
| Vascular endothelial growth factor Fibroblast growth factor Tumour necrosis factor αlpha Insulin-like growth factor 1 Hepatocyte growth factor Angiopoietin-1 and angiopoietin-2 Hypoxia | Transforming growth factor-β Pigment epithelium-derived factor Peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor-γ ligands Angiopoietin-2 |