Table 2

The top 25 most productive countries with their corresponding publication statistics and annual public health spending in order of productivity based on number of publications

Country	Articles	SCP	MCP	Frequency	MCP ratio	Per capita health expenditure (USD)
Turkey	3288	3232	56	0.126	0.017	395
USA	3136	2992	144	0.12	0.046	11 702
Japan	1981	1948	33	0.076	0.017	4388
China	1468	1347	121	0.056	0.082	583
India	1227	1162	65	0.047	0.053	57
Italy	981	927	54	0.037	0.055	3057
Korea	973	963	10	0.037	0.01	3580
France	662	622	40	0.025	0.06	4796
Spain	628	589	39	0.024	0.062	2901
UK	623	593	30	0.024	0.048	4927
Germany	529	500	29	0.02	0.055	5930
Brazil	403	382	21	0.015	0.052	701
Tunisia	302	291	11	0.012	0.036	222
Australia	296	274	22	0.011	0.074	5901
Netherlands	286	257	29	0.011	0.101	5849
Switzerland	285	248	37	0.011	0.13	10 310
Iran	262	246	16	0.01	0.061	573
Israel	239	227	12	0.009	0.05	3867
Egypt	225	209	16	0.009	0.071	151
Singapore	212	177	35	0.008	0.165	3537
Canada	197	188	9	0.008	0.046	5619
Saudi Arabia	191	164	27	0.007	0.141	1198
Greece	183	178	5	0.007	0.027	1675
Portugal	124	115	9	0.005	0.073	2342
Morocco	110	109	1	0.004	0.009	187

Note: SCP and MCP correspond to the number of single country collaborations and multi-country collaborations of each country, respectively. Frequency denotes the percentage that each country contributed to the total number of published articles. MCP ratio represents the ratio between the MCP count and total number of publications for each country. Per capita health expenditure corresponds to the per capita health expenditure of each country reported in USA dollars.
Per capita health expenditure data obtained from the WHO’s Global Health Expenditure Database.21
MCP, multicountry publication; SCP, single-country publication.