Cohorts | This study Outcomes at discharge from ROP screening | SUPPORT14 Outcomes at discharge from NICU | BOOST I15 Outcomes assessed at 12 months corrected age | BOOST II4 Outcomes assessed at 24 months corrected age | COT6 Outcomes assessed at 18 months corrected age | ||||||
Epoch 1 Lower oxygen (88–92%) | Epoch 2 Higher oxygen (90–95% (99%)) | P value | Lower oxygen (85–89%) | Higher oxygen (91–95%) | Lower oxygen (91–94%) | Higher oxygen (95–98%) | Lower oxygen (85–89%) | Higher oxygen (91–95%) | Lower oxygen (85–89%) | Higher oxygen (91–95%) | |
Number (n) | 307 | 344 | 654 | 662 | 178 | 180 | 1224 | 1224 | 578 | 569 | |
Gestation (weeks) | 29.1 (2) | 29.3 (2) | 0.24 | 26 (1) | 26 (1) | 26.6 (1) | 26.5 (1) | 26.0 (1.2) | 26 (1.2) | 25.6 (1) | 25.6 (1) |
Birth weight (g) | 1115.8 (309.5) | 1167 (338.2) | 0.05 | 836 (193) | 825 (193) | 918 (229) | 916 (231) | 826 (184) | 837 (189) | 827 (190) | 844 (199) |
Mortality | 4.23% | 0% | 0.0001 | 19.9% | 16.2% (p=0.04) | 3% | 5% | 23.1% | 15.9% (p=0.002) | 16.6% | 15.3% |
Sepsis (including NEC) | 78.5% | 41.2% | <0.0001 | 36.5% | 35.6% | NR | NR | 10.4% | 8% (p=0.04) | 12.3% | 9.3% |
Intraventricular haemorrhage (except for COT which included other brain injuries) | 20.19% | 43.75% | 0.0001 | 27.4% | 23.6% | NR | NR | 11.63% | 10.4% | 20.6% | 23.1% |
ROP cases detected | 30.6% | 29.4% | 0.73 | 28.3% | 32.1% | 84% | 88% | NR | NR | 64.7% | 62.6% |
ROP cases requiring treatment | 14.33% | 5.93% | 0.0005 | 8.6% | 18% (p<0.001) | 11% | 6% | 10.6% | 13.5% (p=0.04) | 12.8% | 13.1% |
Surfactant given | 46.2% | 58.3% | 0.0025 | 81.3% | 84.5% | 78% | 76% | NR | NR | 89.4% | 84.7% (p=0.02) |
Steroid given | 81% | 74.5% | 0.06 | 96.8% | 95.6% | 83% | 83% | NR | NR | 88.2% | 90.0% |
Heart disease | 52.% | 40.0% | 0.0003 | 48% (PDA) | 50% (PDA) | 53% (PDA) | 51% (PDA) | 48% (PDA) | 45% (PDA) | NR | NR |
*Statistically significant.
APROP, aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity; IPPV, invasive positive pressure ventilation; NEC, necrotising enterocolitis; NICU, neonatal intensive care unit; NR, not reported in the paper; PDA, patent ductus arteriosus; PE, pre-ecclampsia; ROP, retinopathy of prematurity.