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Original article
Pre-eclampsia and the risk of retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants with birth weight <1500 g and/or <31 weeks’ gestation
  1. Belal Alshaikh1,
  2. Omar Salman2,
  3. Nancy Soliman3,
  4. Anna Ells4,
  5. Kamran Yusuf1
  1. 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Canada
  2. 2University of Toronto at Scarborough, Toronto, Canada
  3. 3Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Canada
  4. 4Department of Ophthalmology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Canada
  1. Correspondence to Dr Kamran Yusuf; kyusuf{at}ucalgary.ca

Abstract

Objective To evaluate the relationship between pre-eclampsia and development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in infants with birth weight of <1500 g and/or gestation <31 weeks.

Methods A retrospective cohort study comprising infants born to mothers with pre-eclampsia between January 2007 and June 2010 at a single tertiary care centre. Their ROP outcome was compared with infants born to the next two normotensive mothers with a ±1 week gestational age difference. Pearson χ2 test was used for categorical variables and Mann-Whitney U test was used for continuous variables. Multivariable regression was used to estimate the OR of ROP with prenatal pre-eclampsia exposure and adjust for confounders.

Results Of the 97 infants in the pre-eclampsia group, 27 (27%) developed ROP and of the 185 infants in the normotensive group, 50 (27%) developed ROP. On multivariable regression modelling, pre-eclampsia was not a risk factor for the development of ROP (OR 1.4, 95% CI 0.46 to 4.1). Gestational age, intrauterine growth restriction and blood transfusion were significant risk factors for the development of ROP.

Conclusions In our cohort, pre-eclampsia was not a significant risk factor for the development of ROP. Intrauterine growth restricted infants of pre-eclamptic and normotensive mothers were at higher risk of ROP.

  • Retina
  • Neovascularisation
  • Epidemiology
  • Angiogenesis

This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjophth-2016-000049

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    Footnotes

    • Acknowledgement The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding provided by the Alberta Children’s Hospital Foundation and Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute for this study.

    • Contributors KY made substantial contributions to the conception, design and acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation. He was also involved in drafting and revising the manuscript. BA contributed to the conception and design, wrote the first draft and also helped with data analysis and interpretation and revision of the manuscript. OS helped in design, acquisition of data and writing of the manuscript. NS was involved in the conception and design, acquisition of data and writing and critiquing of the manuscript. AE was involved in conception and design and providing critical appraisal of the manuscript.

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Patient consent Retrospective cohort study.

    • Ethics approval Conjoint Health Research Ethics Board, University of Calgary.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.